Loading...

Vocabulary

An Axis is a center line that an object spins around.

An Orbit is the path the earth takes around the sun.

Phase is the moon's shape as we see it from the earth.

A star is an object in space made of hot glowing gases.

Lesson 1: Day and Night

Although you cannot feel it, the earth is spinning continuously. This spinning is called rotation

Earth’s rotation causes day and night. When one side of Earth faces the Sun, it is day. At the same time, it is night on the other side of Earth.

The earth rotates around an imaginary line called an axis. The axis goes through the center of Earth from north to south. Every 24 hours, Earth makes one full turn on its axis.

Lesson 2: Why Seasons Happen

Each season has a different kind of weather. In fall, the air can become cool. Leaves on some trees turn colors and fall off. In winter the air is cold. In some places it snows. Animals must keep warm. Some birds fly to warmer places. People wear warmer clothes.

The path Earth takes around the Sun is called its orbit. Earth takes about 365 days, or one year, to orbit the Sun.

As the earth orbits around the sun, the part of Earth that tilts toward the Sun is warmer. The part of Earth that tilts away from the Sun is colder.

Lesson 3: The Moon and Stars

The Moon is made of rock! We see the Moon because light from the Sun shines on the Moon.

Moon moves in a path around Earth. It takes the Moon about a month to make one orbit around Earth. The Moon’s path around Earth repeats again and again.

When the Moon is between Earth and the Sun, we can not see the Sun’s light shining on the Moon. It looks as if there is no Moon at all.

After a week the Moon looks a Quarter Moon. The Moon has completed a quarter of its orbit around Earth.

Each shape of the Moon we see during one month is called a phase. The phases appear in the same order every month. The phases repeat each month.

A star is an object in space made of hot, glowing gases. The gases give off heat and light, which makes some stars very bright.

Some groups of star smake patterns in the sky, such as the

There is one star that is close to Earth. That star is the Sun! The Sun is an average size star. It looks large to us because it is close to Earth.

Lesson 1: Weather

Weather describes the condition of the air and sky ourside at any moment. For example you cna describe the weather as rainy, or cold, or snowing.

One way you can describe the weather is by temperature. This describes how hot or cold something is. When it is cold, the temperature is low, when it is hot, the temperature is high.

You can measure the temperature using a thermometer.

Another way to describe weather is by telling if it is raining. Rain, snow, hail are all kids of precipitation. Water falls to the earth from clouds.

A rain gauge is used to measure precipitation.

Wind is air that is moving. Wind can be strong or light and is usually measured by its speed.

A wind sock is used to measure speed and direction of wind flow. You can also measure wind speed using an Anemometer.

Lesson 2: The Water Cycle

When water heats up, some of it changes into a gas called water vapor. This process is called evaporation.

Water evaporates from lakes, oceans, rivers, ponds and other water bodies.

The water vapor travels in the air. As it rises into the air, it cools down and turns back into a liquid. The change from gas to liquid is called Condensation.. If many water droplets in the sky come together they form clouds.

The water in the clouds and the water vapor in the air will then fall down to the ground as rain or other kids of precipitation.

Precipitation refers to any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls back to the earth. It comes in many forms, like rain, sleet, and snow.

The water cycle is made up of three manin processes.

  • Evaporation
  • Condensation
  • Precipitation

Lesson 3: Changes in Weather

There are different kinds of clouds and each type means a different type of weather may be coming.

Cumulus clouds are small, white puffs. They may also appear in long rows.

Cirrus clouds are thin clouds very high in the sky. They are made of ice.

Stratus clouds are often low in the sky. They come in sheets and cover the entire sky.

Contact Us